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ECE4510/5510: Feedback Control Systems. 1–1

INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL

1.1: What is feedback control?

Control-system engineers often face this question (or, “What is it that

you do , anyway?”) when trying to explain their professional ﬁeld.

Loosely speaking, control is the process of getting “something” to do

what you want it to do (or “not do,” as the case may be).

• The “something” can be almost anything. Some obvious

examples: aircraft, spacecraft, cars, machines, robots, radars,

telescopes, etc.

• Some less obvious examples: energy systems, the economy,

biological systems, the human body. . .

Control is a very common concept.

e.g.,Human-machineinteraction:Drivingacar.

Manual control.

e.g.,Independentmachine:Roomtemperaturecontrol.Furnacein

winter, air conditioner in summer. Both controlled (turned “on”/“off”)

by thermostat. (We’ll look at this e xample more in Topic 1.2.)

Automatic control (our focus in this course).

DEFINITION: Control is the process of causing a system variable to

conform to some desired value, called a reference value. (e.g.,

variable = temperature for a climate-control system)

Lecture notes prepared by and copyright

! 1998–2013, Gregory L. Plett and M. Scott Trimboli

1 2 3 4 5 6 ... 13 14

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ECE4510/5510: Feedback Control Systems. 1–1INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL1.1: What is feedback control?!Control-system engineers often face this que

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–105. Evaluate design.!r(t) = 55, w(t) = 0 # ycl(t) = 54.945!r(t) = 55, w(t) = 1 # ycl(t) = 54.94!r

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–11= 10αr(t) − 10αβ ycl(t) − 5w(t)ycl(t) =10αr(t) − 5w(t)1 + 10αβ=!10α1 + 10αβ"%&# $set to

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–121.4: Examples of senior-design/MSEE controls topics!As we conclude this chapter of notes, we con

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–13Our research area: xEV applications of control systems!At UCCS, our research is focused on appli

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–14Control systems in the ECE Department at UCCS!The following graphic shows what control-systems c

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–2!Usually deﬁned in termsof the system’s step re-sponse, as we’ll see innotes Chapter 3.0.10.91ttr

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–3Some applications of feedback controlCategories Speciﬁc applicationsEcological Wildlife and fores

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–41.2: An illustrative example of a feedback control system!We proceed by looking at an example tha

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–5Amoreabstractblockdiagram!The detail in the pr ior block diagram is helpful to identify the physi

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–6The control problem/solution methodology!Now that we have identiﬁed the main components of a feed

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–71.3: A ﬁrst analysis: Auto cruise control!As an example, suppose that we wish to design a cr uise

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–85. Functional block diagram:Compen-satorr (t)y(t)w(t)u(t)100.5r (t)—reference speed, MPH.u(t)—thr

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ECE4510/ECE5510, INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL 1–9• Suppose you load the trunk with all your ECE4510/ECE5510 notesand the car becomes more sluggish

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